Amahops akuyona nje into esetshenziswayo ebalulekile yokwenza ubhiya. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo eziyingqayizivele, ama-hops nawo aye abhekwa njengesitshalo sokwelapha kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Yilapho umsebenzi wesayensi ka-Luisa Kober no-Marco Dürsch ungena khona. Abacwaningi ababili abavela kuSihlalo Wobunjiniyela Bezinto Eziphilayo (BVT) e-Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) baphenya imiphumela emihle yama-hops kumaphrojekthi abo wobudokotela.
U-Luisa Kober noMarco Dürsch banento eyodwa abafana ngayo: Bobabili basebenzela amaphrojekthi ocwaningo ahlola umbuzo obheke phambili wokuthi imithelela ye-antiviral ne-antibiotic ye-hops ingasetshenziswa kanjani ngendlela entsha kumongo wokukhiqizwa okusekelwe ku-bio-based ukudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni.
“Sakha phezu kolwazi lweminyaka eyinkulungwane lokuthi ama-hops ayisitshalo sokwelapha,” kuchaza uLuisa Kober. “Imiphumela yama-hops ibilokhu isetshenziswa esikhathini esidlule, isibonelo, ukulondoloza ubhiya.” Umgomo wakhe manje ukusebenzisa lesi sici ukusebenzisa izithasiselo zokudla ezenziwe ngezithako ze-hop ukuze kukhiqizwe izinkukhu ngendlela eqhubekayo. “Iphrojekthi yami yocwaningo ihlose, okokuqala, ukuthuthukisa enye indlela esikhundleni sama -antibiotic avamile yokwelapha nokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwamagciwane ekulimeni izinkukhu. Okwesibili, ukusetshenziswa kwama-hops ekulimeni izilwane kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ngoba kungakhuthaza ukukhula,” kusho isazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo.
Ubufakazi bocwaningo lwabo oluyisisekelo sebuvele bubonakale ekusebenzeni: Ngokubambisana nenyuvesi e-Joinville, eningizimu yeBrazil, lapho umfundi we-FAU eqashwe njenge-postdoc, i-microencapsulated hop extracts inikezwa epulazini lezinkukhu. Ngempumelelo enkulu. Amathrendi asevele abonwa aphakamisa ukuzuza kwesisindo ezilwaneni kanye nomphumela we-antibiotic walokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ama-micro-hops."
“Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sezinkinga ezikhulayo ezibangelwa amagciwane amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane, kunengqondo, ngokuphathelene nempilo yabantu neyezilwane, ukuthola enye indlela esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic ekukhiqizeni izinkukhu,” kugcizelela uLuisa Kober. Ikakhulukazi njengoba okunye kwenziwa ngezinsiza ezivuselelekayo ngakho-ke kuyasimama. Futhi lokhu emkhakheni okhulayo wokukhiqiza ukudla: izinkukhu ziyinyama esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, futhi lo mkhuba uyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka.
Lokhu kuyasebenza nakuMarco Dürsch kanye nocwaningo lwakhe lobudokotela. Unjiniyela wesayensi yokuphila uphenya ngemiphumela yokulwa namagciwane yama-hops, ikakhulukazi izinsalela ze-hop, njengalezo ezikhiqizwa njengemikhiqizo yemfucuza ezindaweni zokwenza utshwala noma ngesikhathi sokucubungula ama-hop ekukhiqizweni kwezithako ze-hop, ukuze zisetshenziswe ekufuyweni kwezinhlanzi zasemanzini (ukudla). Ukufuywa okulawulwayo kwezinhlanzi, ama-shellfish, ama-crustacean, nezinye izilwane zasemanzini kubhekwa njengomkhakha okhula ngokushesha ekukhiqizweni kokudla okuvela ezilwaneni. "Lolu hlobo lokufuywa kwezilwane okunamandla luholela ezinkingeni ezifanayo nokufuywa kwezilwane zasezimbonini emhlabeni," kuchaza uMarco Dürsch. "Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokufuywa kwezinhlanzi , lapho izinhlanzi zihlala ndawonye ezindaweni ezivalekile kakhulu, ingozi yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane iphezulu."
Usosayensi we-FAU unesithakazelo ikakhulukazi ku-koi herpesvirus, ethinta ngokuyinhloko i-carp yezohwebo eJalimane futhi ebulalayo ezimweni eziningi. Futhi uphenya ngegciwane lechibi le-tilapia, elithinta kakhulu izinhlanzi ezidliwayo ezivamile e-Asia, kanye nezinhlobo ezimbili zamagciwane ezithinta kakhulu i-trout ne-salmon. "I-koi herpesvirus, ikakhulukazi, iyinkinga enkulu ngoba akukho ukwelashwa okuvunyelwe kwe-prophylactic noma izidakamizwa eYurophu," kusho uMarco Dürsch. "Ucwaningo mayelana nalezi zinhlobo zegciwane seluneminyaka eminingana luqhubeka emnyangweni. Ekugcineni, inkampani yotshwala yomnyango uqobo kanye nocwaningo lwethu mayelana nohlelo lokuphuza utshwala kwenze ukuthi sisebenzise ama-hops."
Ngempumelelo: Ukusebenza sekubonisiwe kakade. Elabhorethri, uMarco Dürsch manje uhlola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-hop ukuze anqume ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yazo ngayinye efakazela ukuthi iyasebenza ngokukhethekile ekulweni namagciwane. Uma izinto sezihlonziwe, zizokhethwa ngokukhetha kusetshenziswa izinqubo zokukhipha ezishintshile futhi ziphinde zifakwe emincane ukuze ekugcineni zikhiqize isengezo se-prototype sokuphakela kwezinhlanzi okuhambisanayo.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi lwemiphumela yokuvimbela ama-hops lubambisene ngokukhethekile yena kanye noLuisa Kober: "Ukwazi ukuthuthukisa okuthile ngezinto zemvelo ezinomphumela osimeme wokuvimbela izifo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ku-bio futhi ekugcineni kubhekwane nezinselele umphakathi uwonke, kuyisikhuthazo esikhulu."
Funda futhi
Izinsalela zezitshalo zingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza ukudla kwezilwane zasemanzini | I-Pugnalom
Ikusasa lokulima ulwelwe lingase lilele ku-offshore aquaculture | I-Pugnalom
