Yiziphi izinqubo ezabangela ukudilika kwentaba- mlilo iBrothers ogwini lwaseNew Zealand eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziningana edlule, futhi lokhu kuhlobene kanjani neziphethu ezishisayo kanye namaminerali? Ithimba locwaningo lomhlaba wonke eliholwa yi-GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel lizophenya ngalo mbuzo kusukela ngoMeyi. Esikebheni socwaningo i-SONNE, ososayensi bahlose ukudala isithombe sokuqala esinezinga eliphezulu, esinezinhlangothi ezintathu sentaba-mlilo engaphansi kwamanzi.
Umgomo wohambo lwe-SO312 BRASS ukuhlola ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwe-Brothers Volcano ngasogwini lwe-New Zealand ngokuningiliziwe futhi, ngokokuqala ngqa, ukuze kufane nokuzamazama komhlaba ngokugcwele-isithombe sokubhidlika kwe-crater - okuthiwa yi-caldera - yentaba-mlilo. Besebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile lokuzamazama komhlaba lwe-3D kanye nama-seismometers angaphansi kolwandle, abacwaningi bahlose ukunquma ukuthi i-caldera yakhiwe ngenxa yokuqhuma okukodwa, okukhulu noma uchungechunge lokuqhuma okuncane. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile ezingozini zemvelo ezibangelwa izintaba-mlilo ze-island arc. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bazophenya ukuthi ingabe ubuthakathaka obukhona be-geological endaweni engaphansi komhlaba kube nomthelela ekubunjweni kwayo nokuthi amasistimu asebenzayo e-hydrothermal njengamanje axhumene nalezi zakhiwo.
"I-Volcano yabafowethu iyinto efana nelabhorethri engaphansi kolwandle kithi. Ayikho enye indawo e-Kermadec Arc lapho i-caldera esebenzayo enemithombo eminingi eshisayo ne-hydrothermal vents," kusho umholi wohambo uDkt. Christian Berndt, uProfesa we-Marine Geophysics e-GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel. "Inhlanganisela ye-volcanic crater enkulu, uketshezi olushisa kakhulu, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala eziyingqayizivele kuyenza ibe indawo ebalulekile yokuqonda ukuthi izintaba-mlilo ezingaphansi kwamanzi zisebenza kanjani nokuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa zakhiwa kanjani phansi olwandle."
Lolu hambo lulandela ngqo ezithendeni zohambo lokucwaninga olwenziwa yi-MARUM - Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences eNyuvesi yaseBremen, ephinde yasebenzisa umkhumbi wocwaningo i-SONNE ukwenza ucwaningo ku-Brothers Volcano. Okugxilwe kakhulu ekumbeni kwesayensi ukuze kuphenywe izinqubo ze-hydrothermal kanye nokwakheka kwamadiphozi ensimbi phansi olwandle. Uhambo oluqhubekayo manje luzohambisana nalolu phenyo ngezilinganiso ezinkulu ze-geophysical, ngaleyo ndlela lunikeze idatha ebalulekile yomongo ukuze kuchazwe ama-drill cores.
Imiphumela yalolu hambo ayihloselwe nje ukusiza ukuqonda kangcono umlando wokwakheka kwe-Brothers Volcano, kodwa futhi nokuthuthukisa ukuhlolwa kwezingozi zokuqhuma okungenzeka esikhathini esizayo kanye nama-tsunami esifundeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bazohlinzeka ngezisekelo ezibalulekile zokuhlola amadiphozi amaminerali olwandle olujulile.
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I-GEOMAR ishicilela iphepha lesikhundla ocwaningweni olujulile lolwandle | I-Pugnalom
