Ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki elahliwe, ama-CD amadala, ngisho nezitini ze-LEGO kungaguqulwa kube izinto ezimunca inani elikhulu lomswakama womoya. Osokhemisi bezinto zokwakha u-Anastasiia Naryshkina, uPaul Schweng, noRobert Woodward baseNyuvesi yaseVienna baguqule izinhlobo ezahlukene zemfucuza yepulasitiki yaba amanethiwekhi e-polymer adonsela amanzi. Lawa amunca amanzi, ngisho nasezimweni zezulu ezomile, futhi awakhulule futhi lapho efudunyezwa ngokulinganisela, isibonelo, ukukhanya kwelanga. Ucwaningo, olushicilelwe kumagazini i-Chem Circularity, lunikeza indlela yokunikeza imfucuza yepulasitiki impilo yesibili njengesithasiselo sokuqoqa amanzi omoya.
Ukungcola kwepulasitiki kanye nokuntuleka kwamanzi kokubili kubangela izinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo. Ukuqoqwa kwamanzi emoyeni kuthatha umhwamuko wamanzi ngqo emoyeni ukuze kukhishwe futhi kugcinwe ngokulawulwa. Kunikeza amathuba athembisayo njengomthombo wamanzi owengeziwe noma ongaphandle kwegridi. I-adsorbent efanelekile yokuqoqwa kwamanzi kumele idonse umswakama, ikwazi ukugcina inani elikhulu lawo, futhi imelane nemijikelezo yokumuncwa nokukhululwa okuphindaphindiwe. Ithimba laseVienna liphenye ukuthi amapulasitiki alahliwe angasebenza yini njengezinto zokuqala zalezi ziponji zama-molecule.
Amapulasitiki athile aqukethe ama-polymer anezakhiwo zama-molecule aqukethe amasongo ama-athomu ayisithupha e-carbon. Lawa masongo asebenza njengezindawo ezifanele zokuxhumanisa amaketanga e-polymer, akha inethiwekhi enezimbobo ezincane. Ukwelashwa okulandelayo nge-sulfuric acid kungenisa amaqembu e-sulfonic acid, adonsela amanzi ngisho nasemoyeni owomile. Abacwaningi baphumelele ekukhiqizeni iziponji zama-molecule ezidonsa amanzi ezivela ezintweni ezahlukene zokupakisha ze-polystyrene, ama-CD amadala e-polycarbonate, kanye nezitini ze-LEGO ezenziwe nge-acrylonitrile butadiene styrene njengezinto zokuqala. Baphinde baphatha ngempumelelo ingxube ekhethiwe yemfucuza yepulasitiki, bebonisa ukuguquguquka kwenqubo maqondana nezinto zokuqala ezisetshenziswayo.
Isiponji esenziwe nge-polystyrene ejwayelekile, into esetshenziselwa izitsha ezilahlwayo kanye nama-CD cases, singamunca cishe amaphesenti angama-60 esisindo saso emanzini avela emoyeni omanzi ngisho namaphesenti angama-20 ngaphansi kwezimo ezomile, ezifana nehlane. Amanzi angakhishwa futhi aqoqwe kusetshenziswa imithombo yokushisa emnene njengokukhanya kwelanga, kanti izinqubo zokumunca kanye nokumunca zenzeka kakhulu phakathi nehora. Iziponji zihlala isikhathi eside futhi ngenxa yalokho zingaphinde zisetshenziswe ekuvuneni amanzi. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki ezixubile nazo zifanelekile ekukhiqizeni lezi zinto zokubamba amanzi, ezigcina amanzi ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezomile futhi ziwakhulule futhi lapho zifudunyezwa kancane, ngaleyo ndlela zivumela ukutholakala kwamanzi ngaphandle kwegridi. Ukuhlolwa kokuvunwa nokukhululwa kwamanzi kubonise ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kungenzeka; nokho, ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kusaqhubeka.
Lo msebenzi usungula inqubo yokuguqula izinto ezahlukahlukene zepulasitiki ezinuka kamnandi zibe izinto ezisebenzayo zokuqoqa amanzi emoyeni, kufaka phakathi izitsha zokudla zepulasitiki ezixubile. Uphenyo olwengeziwe lokuhlola ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside kanye nezidingo zezinsizakusebenza zeziponji luyaqhubeka.
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