Ngokokuqala ngqa, abacwaningi sebekwazile ukubheka ukuziphatha kwabafundi babantu abalele amahora amaningi. Ukubheka ngaphansi kwamajwabu amehlo kubabonise ukuthi kuningi okwenzekayo ebuchosheni ngesikhathi sokulala kunalokho obekucatshangwa ngaphambilini.
Lapho abantu belele, amehlo abo ngokuvamile avaleka. Kodwa akulona nje inhlamvu yeso egingqika iye emuva naphambili ngaphansi kwamajwabu avaliwe: Abacwaningi abaholwa abaholi bocwaningo uCaroline Lustenberger, Sarah Meissner, kanye noNicole Wenderoth abavela ku-Neural Control of Movement Lab e-ETH Zurich baye baqaphela ukuthi ubukhulu bomfundi buhlala buguquguquka ngesikhathi sokulala. Kwesinye isikhathi inkulu, kwesinye isikhathi incane, kwesinye isikhathi ishintsha usayizi ngemizuzwana, kwesinye isikhathi ngemizuzu.
"Lokhu okuguquguqukayo kukhombisa isimo sokuvuka, noma kunalokho izinga lokuqalisa, lezifunda zobuchopho ezinesibopho sokulawulwa kokulala," kusho uLustenberger. "Lokhu okuphawuliwe kuphikisana nokucatshangwa kwangaphambilini kokuthi izinga lokuvuka liphansi ngokuyisisekelo ngesikhathi sokulala."
Kunalokho, ukushintshashintsha komfundi kubonisa ukuthi ubuchopho, ngisho nalapho ulele, busesimweni esiqhubekayo sokuguquguquka phakathi kwamazinga aphezulu naphansi okusebenza. Okutholakele okusha futhi kuqinisekisa kubantu lokho amanye amaqembu ocwaningo asanda kukuthola ocwaningweni lwamagundane: Baphinde bahlangabezane nokuguquguquka okuhamba kancane kumazinga okuqalisa (okwaziwa ngamagama obuchwepheshe njengokuvusa inkanuko). Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngabacwaningi be-ETH lusanda kushicilelwa kujenali ye-Nature Communications.
Ngenxa yokuthi izindawo zobuchopho ezijulile esiqwini sobuchopho zilawula izinga lokusebenza, kube nzima ukulinganisa ngqo lezi zinqubo kubantu ngesikhathi sokulala. Izindlela ezikhona zinzima kakhulu ngokobuchwepheshe futhi azikasungulwa kulo mongo. Ngakho-ke ucwaningo olwenziwe abacwaningi be-ETH luthembele ekulinganiseni usayizi womfundi. Abafundi baziwa ngokukhombisa izinga lokusebenza esimweni sokuvuka. Ngakho-ke basebenza njengezimpawu zomsebenzi wezindawo zobuchopho ezijulile.
Ukuze batadishe izinguquko zabafundi kubantu abalele, abacwaningi be-ETH baqhamuke nendlela entsha: Ngenxa yesu lokunamathisela elikhethekile kanye ne-plaster esobala, bakwazile ukugcina amehlo ezifundo evulekile amahora ambalwa.
"Ukukhathazeka kwethu okukhulu kwakuwukuthi izifundo ngeke zikwazi ukulala ngeso elilodwa. Kodwa ekamelweni elimnyama, abantu abaningi bayakhohlwa ukuthi amehlo abo asavulekile futhi basengalala, "kuchaza umlobi oholayo wocwaningo, uManuel Carro Domínguez, owakha le nqubo yokulinganisa.
Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kubonise ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwabafundi akuhlobene nje kuphela nezigaba ezahlukene zokulala, kodwa futhi namaphethini athile omsebenzi wobuchopho njenge-sleep spindles kanye namagagasi okulala okujulile avelele - amagagasi obuchopho abalulekile ekuqiniseni inkumbulo kanye nokuzinza kokulala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ubuchopho busabela ngendlela ehlukile emisindweni kuye ngezinga lokusebenza, elibonakala ngobukhulu bomfundi.
Umlawuli oyinhloko wamazinga okusebenza yisifunda esincane esisebuchosheni esibizwa ngokuthi i -locus coeruleus . Ososayensi babonise ezilwaneni ukuthi lesi sifunda sibalulekile ekulawuleni izigaba zokulala nokuvuka. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi be-ETH abakwazanga ukufakazela kulolu cwaningo ukuthi i- locus coeruleus inesibopho ngqo sokushintsha komfundi. "Simane sibona izinguquko zomfundi ezihlobene namazinga okusebenza kobuchopho kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo," kuchaza uLustenberger.
Esifundweni esilandelayo, abacwaningi bahlela ukuthonya ngokwemithi umsebenzi we- locus coeruleus futhi baphenye ukuthi lokhu kuthinta kanjani amandla okusebenza kwabafundi. Bahlose ukuthola ukuthi ngabe lesi sifunda sobuchopho sinesibopho sokulawula abafundi ngesikhathi sokulala nokuthi izinguquko ezingeni laso lokusebenza zithinta kanjani ukulala kanye nemisebenzi yaso.
Ukuqonda amandla omfundi ngesikhathi sokulala kungase futhi kunikeze izinkomba ezibalulekile zokuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwezinkinga zokulala nezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke, abacwaningi bafuna ukuphenya ukuthi ingabe izinguquko zomfundi ngesikhathi sokulala zinganikeza izinkomba zokuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokusebenzisa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuphazamiseka okunjengokuqwasha, ukuphazamiseka kokucindezeleka kwangemva kokuhlukumezeka, futhi mhlawumbe nesifo i-Alzheimer's. "Lezi yimibono kuphela esifuna ukuyiphenya esikhathini esizayo," kusho umcwaningi wokulala.
Omunye umgomo uwukwenza ubuchwepheshe busetshenziswe ngaphandle kwamalebhu okulala, isibonelo, ezibhedlela. Lapho, kungasiza ukuqapha ukuvuka kweziguli ze-coma noma ukuxilonga ukuphazamiseka kokulala ngokunembe kakhudlwana. Umfundi njengefasitela lobuchopho angavula amathuba amasha emithi yokulala nesayensi yezinzwa.
Ukushicilelwa kwangempela
U-Carro-Domínguez M, Huwiler S, Oberlin S, Oesch TL, Badii G, Lüthi A, Wenderoth N, Meissner SN, Lustenberger C: Usayizi womfundi wembula ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokuvusa inkanuko ebuthongweni bomuntu, Umqulu Wezokuxhumana Kwemvelo 16, Inombolo ye-athikili: 2070 (2025). I-DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57289-5
Funda futhi
Ama-Plasticizer alimaza ubuchopho | I-Pugnalom
