Inani labantu abakhuluphele liye landa ngokushesha emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, okudala izinselele ezinkulu kulabo abathintekile, izinhlelo zezempilo, kanye nabahlinzeki bezempilo. I-hormone insulin idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokukhuluphala okubuhlungu. Kuze kube manje, ubufakazi obuningi busikisela ukuthi i-insulin, ikakhulukazi ebuchosheni, iholela ezifweni ze-metabolic kanye ne-neurodegenerative . Manje, ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-University Hospital yaseTübingen, eHelmholtz Munich, kanye ne-German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) lunikeza ukuqonda okusha okuthakazelisayo ngendima yobuchopho njengesikhungo esibalulekile sokulawula kanye nomsuka wokukhuluphala kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Nakuba kudala kwaziwa ukuthi kuyimbangela yezifo eziningi ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, ngisho nomdlavuza, ukukhuluphala kuye kwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni njengesifo esihlukile eJalimane kusukela ngo-2020. Njengoba cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-16 eJalimane kuphela kanye nabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane emhlabeni wonke, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kakade sekuchazwe njengobhubhane yi-World Health Organization (WHO). Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuchazwa njengenkomba yesisindo somzimba engaphezu kuka-30. Ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca kanye nokudla okungenampilo kuvame ukubhekwa njengembangela yalesi sifo esingapheli. Kodwa-ke, izinqubo emzimbeni eziholela ekukhuluphaleni futhi zenzeka kulesi sifo ziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuzwela kwe-insulin yobuchopho kuxhunyaniswa nokuzuza isisindo isikhathi eside kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamafutha emzimbeni okungenampilo. Yiziphi izinqubo ezenzeka ngempela ebuchosheni, futhi isenzo se-insulin sinamuphi umphumela kubantu abanesisindo esijwayelekile? USolwazi uDkt. Stephanie Kullmann ovela eMtholampilo Wenyuvesi Wesifo Sikashukela, I-Endocrinology, kanye Ne-Nephrology e-Tübingen kanye nethimba lakhe baphenya lo mbuzo ocwaningweni lwabo. "Imiphumela yethu ibonisa okokuqala ukuthi ngisho nokusetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane kokudla okucutshungulwe kakhulu, okungenamsoco (isb. Amabhodlela kashokoledi nama-chips) kuholela ekushintsheni okukhulu kwengqondo yabantu abanempilo futhi lokhu kungabhekwa njengesiqalo sokukhuluphala kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2," kuchaza umholi wocwaningo uProf. Kullmann. Esimeni esinempilo, i-insulin ebuchosheni inomphumela wokucindezela ukudla. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abanokukhuluphala ikakhulukazi, i-insulin ayisalawuli indlela yokudla ngendlela efanele, futhi kukhula ukumelana ne-insulin. “Ngokuthakazelisayo, ubuchopho babahlanganyeli bethu bocwaningo olunempilo bubonisa ukwehla okufanayo kokuzwela kwe-insulin ngemva kokudla ukudla okunekhalori ephezulu yesikhashana njengabantu abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile,” kuphawula uNksz Kullmann.
“Lo mphumela ungabonakala ngisho nangesonto elilodwa ngemva kokubuyela ekudleni okulinganiselayo,” uyanezela. Uphinde abe yiphini lenhloko yoMnyango we-Metabolic Neuroimaging e-DZD partner Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) yaseHelmholtz Munich eNyuvesi yaseTübingen.
"Sicabanga ukuthi impendulo ye-insulin yobuchopho ivumelana nezinguquko zesikhashana zokudla ngaphambi kokuba noma yikuphi ukuzuza kwesisindo kwenzeke, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kokukhuluphala nezinye izifo ezihlobene," kuphetha uProf. UDkt Andreas Birkenfeld, Umqondisi Wezokwelapha we-Internal Medicine IV, uMqondisi we-IDM kanye neLungu Lebhodi le-DZD, nomlobi wokugcina wocwaningo. Ngokusekelwe kulokho okutholwe okusha, ucela ukuthi kwenziwe ucwaningo oluqiniswe ngeqhaza lobuchopho ekuthuthukiseni ukukhuluphala kanye nezinye izifo ze-metabolic.
Ucwaningo lwalubandakanya amavolontiya wesilisa angama-29 anesisindo esijwayelekile ayehlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili. Iqembu lokuqala kwakudingeka lidle i-1500 kcal eyengeziwe ngendlela yokudla okucutshungulwa kakhulu, okunekhalori ephezulu ngaphezu kokudla okujwayelekile kwezinsuku ezinhlanu ezilandelanayo. Iqembu elilawulayo alinaso amakhalori engeziwe. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuqala, womabili amaqembu ahlolwe ngezikhathi ezimbili ezihlukene. Ukuhlola okukodwa kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kwesikhathi esiyizinsuku ezinhlanu, kanti okwesibili ngemva kokuba iqembu lokuqala selibuyele ekudleni okujwayelekile izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Besebenzisa imaging resonance magnetic (MRI), abacwaningi bahlola ukuzwela kwe-insulin ebuchosheni kanye nokuqukethwe kwamafutha esibindi. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi okuqukethwe kwamafutha esibindi seqembu lokuqala kwanda kakhulu ngemva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu zokwanda kwekhalori, kodwa ngokumangalisayo, ukuzwela kwe-insulin ephansi kakhulu ebuchosheni uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula laqhubeka isonto elilodwa ngemuva kokubuyela ekudleni okuvamile. Lo mphumela ububonwa kuphela kubantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile.
Funda futhi
Ukudla okunempilo kubo bonke: Uguquko lomhlaba wonke ludingeka ngokushesha | I-Pugnalom
Naphezu kokusutha, usahalela uphudingi: Ubuchopho buvuza isifiso samaswidi | I-Pugnalom
