Ngokocwaningo olusha, amaphuzu okubonisa akhona kuma-microbial ecosystem lapho ngisho nokuphazamiseka okuncane kwanele ukubangela ukuwa. Ababhali abavela ku-Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity eNyuvesi yase-Oldenburg bachaza imiphakathi yamagciwane njengenethiwekhi lapho abantu abahlukene beshintshana ngemikhiqizo ye-metabolic. Le nethiwekhi yokuncika ingawa kungazelelwe uma abantu ngabanye belahleka, bathole. Le nqubo ingachaza ukuthi kungani ukuhlukahluka kwamagciwane kunzima ukulondoloza elabhorethri.
Izindawo zemvelo ezinamagciwane amancane – njengalezo ezitholakala emanzini olwandle , enhlabathini , noma emathunjini omuntu – zihlukahlukene ngendlela emangalisayo, kodwa abacwaningi abakaze baphumelele ukuphinda lokhu kuhlukahluka elabhorethri: ama-microorganism amaningi ayafa lapho kwenziwa imizamo yokuwahlakulela. Ucwaningo olusha olwenziwe abacwaningi ababili abavela eHelmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity eNyuvesi yase-Oldenburg (HIFMB) manje selunikeza incazelo engaba khona: Ososayensi be-Biodiversity uDkt. Tom Clegg noSolwazi uDkt. Thilo Gross baphetha ngokuthi ukusinda kwama-microorganism akuxhomekile kuphela ezidingweni zawo zomuntu ngamunye, kodwa kunalokho kunethiwekhi efihliwe yobudlelwano engaphazanyiswa ngisho nayizinguquko ezincane zesakhiwo.
Emsebenzini wabo, abacwaningi benza lula imiphakathi ye-microbial njengenethiwekhi lapho abantu abahlukene baxhunywe khona ngokushintshaniswa kwemikhiqizo ye-metabolic: Uhlobo ngalunye ludinga umsoco futhi ngesikhathi esisodwa lukhipha izinto ezidingwa abanye njengokudla. U-Clegg no-Gross bamodela le nethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi besebenzisa izindlela ezivela kuthiyori yenethiwekhi—inqubo yezibalo ekuqaleni ethathwe ku-physics futhi yasetshenziswa lapho ukuze kuqondwe ukuziphatha kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Umphumela wokuhlaziya: Kumodeli, ukulahlekelwa kwabantu ngabanye kungabangela ukuba inethiwekhi yonke igoqe, nomphakathi wezinambuzane ezincane ushintsha ngokuphazima kweso ukuya esimweni sokuhlukahluka okuphansi. "Ukuwohloka okunjalo kungaqondwa njengendawo yokucathula, efana nokucishwa kwegridi yamandla noma ukuwa kwamaketanga ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-coronavirus," kuchaza umlobi oholayo uClegg.
Ukuzama ukuhlakulela umphakathi wamagciwane elabhorethri kumelela ukuphazamiseka okunjalo: Uma, ngokwesibonelo, kungewona wonke amalungu omphakathi wemvelo athathwa njengesampula, awasakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-metabolite abalulekile kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. "Ucwaningo lwethu lugxile ekwakhiweni kwalokhu kusebenzisana futhi lunikeza ukuqonda okusha kokuthi kungani kunzima kangaka ukugcina ukuhlukahluka kwemiphakathi ye-microbial elabhorethri," kuchaza u-Thilo Gross.
Nakuba abacwaningi kudala besola ukuthi ukwencika komunye nomunye kudlala indima ebalulekile ekutheni amagciwane angatshalwa yini elabhorethri noma cha, ucwaningo lwamanje lubonisa ngokokuqala ngqa ukuthi lokhu kuncikana kudlala kanjani emiphakathini eyinkimbinkimbi iyonke—nokuthi imiphakathi ingawa ngisho nasendaweni efana nesiko laselabhorethri, lapho kunezinsiza ezanele, uma inethiwekhi yobudlelwano bayo obuhlukene iphazamiseka. Imodeli iphinde ibonise ukuthi izinhlelo ezinjalo zingase zingalulami ngisho nalapho zonke izinsiza ezidingekayo sezitholakala futhi. “Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi amagciwane adingani, kodwa athembele kubani,” kugcizelela uClegg. "Umphakathi uyachuma noma uyawa wonkana."
Ukushicilelwa kwangempela
UThomas Clegg, uThilo Gross: “Ukudla okuxubile kudala amaphuzu okunciphisa ukuhlukahluka kwama-microbiome”, Imibiko ye-National Academy of Sciences Vol. 122, No. 19
Funda futhi
Ukuya emadolobheni kushintsha amagciwane enhlabathi | I-Pugnalom
Ukulawula amagciwane ukuzala kwe-jellyfish | I-Pugnalom
