Ukuhlukana kwezindawo zokuhlala kungase kuholele ekulahlekelweni okusheshayo kokwehlukahlukana kwezakhi zofuzo ezinyonini kunalokho okwakucatshangwa ngaphambili. Ucwaningo lwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingu-62 eziculayo eShayina lwembule ukuthi zonke zalahlekelwa cishe ingxenye yokwehlukahlukana kwazo kwezakhi zofuzo zingakapheli iminyaka engu-50 - kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezibhekwa njengezivamile futhi ezingasongelwa. Umsebenzi kaRi Liu kanye nozakwabo wanyatheliswa ku-"Science" (DOI: 10.1126/science.aef3063).
Imisebenzi yabantu ishintshe kakhulu izindawo zemvelo futhi yasheshisa ukulahleka kwezinto eziphilayo. Izinhlobo azisongelwa nje kuphela ukuncipha kwenani labantu kodwa futhi nokulahlekelwa ukuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo, okubalulekile ekusindeni nasekuzivumelaniseni nesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, izilinganiso zangaphambilini zokuthi lokhu kuhlukahluka kunyamalala ngokushesha kangakanani ziye zahlukahluka. Ngakho-ke abacwaningi baphenye izinguquko ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni ezingu-62 eziculayo ezintabeni zaseGaoligong, indawo ethandwa kakhulu yizinto eziphilayo lapho ukuqhekeka kwamahlathi kuye kwanda kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Baqhathanisa amasampula e-genome kusukela ngawo-1960 nawo-1970 nalawo avela ngawo-2000 nawo-2020 futhi balandelela izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo eminyakeni engaba ngu-50.
Ngokusho kocwaningo, zonke izinhlobo ezingu-62 zalahlekelwa isilinganiso samaphesenti angu-43 kuya kwangu-49 okuhlukahluka kwazo kwezakhi zofuzo phakathi nalesi sikhathi - ukwehla okudlule kakhulu izilinganiso eziningi zangaphambilini. Okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi ukuhlukana kwezindawo zokuhlala kuyimbangela enkulu yalokhu kuguguleka kwezakhi zofuzo, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezinekhono lokusabalala elilinganiselwe. Ngokumangazayo, ngisho nezinhlobo ezibhekwa njengezivamile nezisakazeke kabanzi zalahlekelwa kakhulu izakhi zofuzo naphezu kwenani elikhulu labantu.
Abalobi bakhomba ingozi efihliwe yokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo: zonke izinyoni ezingu-62 ezifundwe zibhalwe "njengezingakhathazeki kangako" ohlwini olubomvu lwe-IUCN. Ngakho-ke izinhlobo ezibhekwa njengeziphephile ngokwezindlela ezivamile zingase zilahlekelwe ukushintshashintsha kwezakhi zofuzo okudingekayo ukuze zivumelane nezinguquko zemvelo kanye nokusinda isikhathi eside. Baphikisana ngokuthi ukuqapha izakhi zofuzo kufanele kube yingxenye ebalulekile yemizamo yokulondolozwa ukuze kutholakale ukwehla okunjalo ngaphambi kokuba kuholele ekulahlekelweni okubonakalayo kwenani labantu.
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