Izicubu zamathambo zabesilisa nabesifazane zicubungula i-glucose namafutha ngendlela ehlukile. Ucwaningo olwenziwa yiSibhedlela SeNyuvesi yaseTübingen, i-Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases yase-Helmholtz Munich, kanye ne-German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD) inikeza ukuhlaziya kokuqala okuphelele kwamangqamuzana alo mehluko. Izici ezinjalo zingachaza ukuthi kungani izifo ze-metabolic ezifana nesifo sikashukela zibonakala ngendlela ehlukile kwabesifazane nabesilisa—nokuthi kungani besabela ngendlela ehlukile ekuzilolongeni.
Imisipha yamathambo ayiyona nje "injini" yokunyakaza: idlala indima ebalulekile ekugayweni kwe-glucose futhi ngaleyo ndlela idlala nasekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Cishe amaphesenti angama-85 okumuncwa kwe-glucose okuncike ku-insulin kwenzeka emisipheni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma amangqamuzana emisipha engazweli kakhulu ku-insulin, isibonelo ezimweni zokumelana ne-insulin, i-glucose ayimuncwa kahle egazini. Ukuzivocavoca kulwa ngqo nalokhu.
Kodwa ukuthi imisipha isebenza kanjani ngokuhlukile kwabesifazane nabesilisa sekuyisikhathi eside ibukelwa phansi. Abacwaningi abaholwa uSimon Dreher noCora Weigert manje sebewuphenye ngokunembile lo mbuzo. Bahlola ama-muscle biopsies avela ku-25 enempilo, kodwa abantu abadala abakhuluphele ngokweqile (abesifazane be-16, amadoda angu-9) phakathi kweminyaka yobudala be-30. Izihloko zazingakaze zihlanganyele emisebenzini evamile yomzimba. Kwaphela amasonto ayisishiyagalombili, baphothula izikhathi zokuqeqesha zokukhuthazela zehora elilodwa kathathu ngesonto, okuhlanganisa imizuzu engu-30 yokugibela amabhayisikili nemizuzu engu-30 yokuhamba endaweni yokunyathelisa.
Amasampula emisipha athathwe ngaphambi kokuqala, ngemva kweseshini yokuqala yokuqeqesha, nasekupheleni kohlelo. Lisebenzisa amasu aphambili ebhayoloji yamangqamuzana, okuhlanganisa i-epigenome, i-transcriptome, nokuhlaziywa kwe-proteome, ithimba liphenye umehluko wobulili emazingeni ahlukahlukene.
Umphumela: Ngisho neseshini yokuqala yokuqeqesha yabangela impendulo yokucindezeleka enamandla emadodeni ezingeni lamangqamuzana, okubonakala ekwandeni kokusebenza kwezakhi zofuzo zokucindezeleka kanye nokwanda kwe-muscle protein myoglobin egazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisipha yamadoda yabonisa iphethini evelele yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-fast-twitch fibers, enzelwe ukuvivinya umzimba isikhathi esifushane, okunamandla futhi ngokukhethekileyo ukusebenzisa i-glucose njengomthombo wamandla.
Abesifazane babe namanani aphezulu kakhulu amaprotheni, anesibopho sokuthatha nokugcina ama-fatty acids: inkomba yokusetshenziswa kahle kwamafutha. Ngemva kwamasonto ayisishiyagalombili okuqeqeshwa kokukhuthazela okuvamile, imisipha yabo bobabili ubulili yashintsha, futhi umehluko we-muscle fiber-specific wehla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kokubili abesifazane nabesilisa bakhiqiza amanani andayo amaprotheni akhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose namafutha ku-mitochondria, "izitshalo zamandla zamaseli."
"Lezi zimo zikhombisa ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwe-metabolic, okungasiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela," kusho u-Weigert. "Okutholakele kwethu okusha kungasiza ukubikezela kangcono ingozi yesifo sikashukela somuntu ngamunye esikhathini esizayo kanye nezincomo ezingcono zokuzivocavoca umzimba kwabesifazane nabesilisa."
Yini elandelayo? Ososayensi manje bafuna ukuphenya indima edlalwa amahomoni ocansi afana ne-estrogen ne-testosterone kulo mehluko - kanye nokuthi izinguquko zamahomoni ebudaleni zithonya kanjani ingozi yezifo ze-metabolic.
Funda futhi
I-Meta-study ifakazela okokuqala: Umdlavuza omncane ngokudla okunobungani bemvelo | I-Pugnalom
